Moon some facts

Moon

The moon ,the only satellite of the earth, moves from  west to east round the earth in 27 days ,7 hours and 43 minutes(sidereal month).

The same face of moon is always seen from the earth as the moon always has the same period of rotation and revolution. The moon has no light of its own. The changing position of moon in relation to the earth and the sun are known as different phases of the moon.

On full moon days the full face of moon, illuminated by sunlight, is visible from the earth when the earth lies between the sun and the moon.

On new moon days, the moon lies between the earth and the sun and therefore it seems dark from the earth.

From new moon to full moon period the moon  waxes and from full moon to new moon  period it wanes.

#science

Radio Carbon Dating

Radio Carbon Dating

Radio carbon dating or carbon dating

It is method for determining the age of an object containing organic material by using the properties of Radiocarbon C-14, a radioactive isotope of carbon.

This method was developed by Willard Libby in the late 1940 s. Libby received the noble prize for his work in 1960.

Principle:-

The Radiocarbon C-14 dating method is based on the fact that radiocarbon is constantly being created in atmosphere by the interaction of cosmic rays with atmospheric nitrogen.

The resulting Radiocarbon  C-14 combines with atmospheric oxygen to form radioactive carbon dioxide, which is incorporated into plant by the process of photosynthesis. Animal then acquire C-14 by eating the plant ,C-14 go into animal through food chain.

When the plant or animal die  it stops exchanging carbon with the environment or by food chain, and from that point of time Radiocarbon C-14  in the plant and animal body start decaying. And then the amount of C-14 begins to reduce as the isotope undergoes radioactive decay.

Measuring the amount of  c-14 in sample from dead plant or animal such as piece of wood or fragment of  bone provides information that can be used to calculate when the plant and animal died

So carbon dating is used to find out age of fossils.

process in flow chart:-

# HISTORY

#SCIENCE

Dendrochronology

Dendrochronology

Dendrochronology is tree ring dating ,this is scientific method of dating based on analysis of pattern of tree rings  ,also known as growth ring . Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings ware formed in many type of wood to the exact calendar year.

Used in

    è Used to determine certain aspect of  past ecologies  

    è History of art and architecture

    è And in radio carbon dating ,where it is used to calibrate radiocarbon ages.  

Dr kalam Birth Anniversary

 A P J Abdul Kalam

(October 15 , 1931 – July 27, 2015)

A ideal man, scientist and former president of India

He was so great that and simple that every child wants to be like him .he was a statue of knowledge, innovation, inspiration, self reliance , and love for country. He wanted to see every child every student fly. He  often said student to have wings and start fly in the world of dream ,world of knowledge. He was a missile man a lover of science ,a lover of rockets. He encourages students to dream ,think and act .he was a real hero , he will be always with us . Kalam will never go .

He wanted to make India a super power ,developed in every aspect, self reliant in every aspect from pin to aeroplane but India is still procuring a large part of  defence arsenal from out side   . This act will never make India a super power ,self reliant and developed.

He was a pathfinder ,a great teacher .His life is a message that inspires many. He lived for the nation and worked for the nation.

Dr. Kalam will be always with us and We  will make India Developed

# Happy Birthday

   

Global Hunger Index (GHI)

Global Hunger Index

The global hunger index (GHI) is a multi dimensional statical tool used to describe the state of countries hunger situation .The GHI measures progress and failures in global fight against hunger . The GHI is updated once a year   .

GHI ranks countries on a 100 point scale zero is the best score(no hunger) and 100 is worst .

Global Hunger Index (GHI) 2015

The global hunger index 2015 shows that through progress has been made since the turn of the century the level of hunger in the world remains unacceptably high largely because of armed conflict

India and Global hunger index

India’s global hunger index score is 29 which is above world average i.e. 21.7 .east and south east Asia have better score than India having score 13.2 while    south Asia score is 29.4

GHI combines four indicator and  calculated score for 117 countries in 2015

#News

Wetlands

Wetlands

Wetlands refers to complex ecosystems encompassing   a wide range of inland ,coastal, and marine habitats such as flood plains ,swamps, marshy lands, tidal marshes ,deltas, glacier  fed  lands etc.

However the characteristics of both dry and wet environment are different based on their origin, geographical location, and hydro logical regime and substrate factors

Wetlands provides suitable habitat for migratory bird and animals, endemic plants, insects and invertebrates, primates (monkeys), waddle (duck) .

Wetlands are important for economic reasons; water from wetland is used for irrigation, agriculture, aquaculture, water for drinking after purification. It also recharges ground water, waterfall is used for tourism, Lake, Pond also attracts tourists.

India’s wetlands occur in the cold arid zone of ladakh ,  wet humid climate of imphal ,tropical monsoon central India and wet humid zone of southern peninsula .

Most of the wetlands are linked directly or indirectly with the major river system such as ganga  ,Brahmputra ,Narmada ,Godavari ,Krishna and Kaveri .

#Environment

Fundamental Right in Constitution of India

Constitution of  India

Fundamental right

The fundamental right are enshrined in part III of the constitution from article 12 to 35

The fundamental right are named so because the are guaranteed and protected by the constitution, which is fundamental law of land  they are fundamental also in sense that they are most essential for all round development (material, intellectual, moral and spiritual )   of the individuals

Originally the constitution provided for seven fundamental right viz

1. Right to equality   (article 14 to 18)

2. Right to freedom   (article 19 to 22)

3. Right against exploitation (article 23 to 24)

4. Right to freedom of religion   (article 25 to 28))

5. Cultural and educational right   (article 29 to 30)

6.  Right to property  (article  31)

7. Right to constitutional remedies     (article 32)

However right to property was deleted from the list of fundamental right by the 44th  amendment act 1978

It is made legal right under article 300A in part Xii of constitution .

So  at present only six fundamental right.

#polity